Why a Dental Abscess Needs Treatment Today

Key takeaways

What is a dental abscess?

A dental abscess is a pocket of pus caused by a bacterial infection. It can form inside a tooth, in the gums or in the bone that holds your teeth. It usually starts when bacteria get into damaged tooth tissue or inflamed gums.

Signs of a dental abscess

Most people describe the pain as throbbing, sharp and constant. Common signs include:

• A severe, throbbing toothache that may spread to your jaw or ear
• Sensitivity to hot and cold
• Swelling in your face, cheek or the lymph nodes under your jaw
• Fever and feeling unwell
• A bad taste or smell in your mouth
• Trouble swallowing or breathing in serious cases

Some people notice a small bump on the gum that looks like a pimple. This is called a fistula. It may drain pus and briefly ease the pain, but the infection is still there.

Why a dental abscess is an emergency

Dental infections don't stay contained on their own. Without treatment, the bacteria can spread beyond your mouth to your jaw, neck and throat. This can cause a condition called Ludwig's angina, which can block your airway. The infection can also spread to the bloodstream and cause sepsis. Both can be life-threatening.

Antibiotics alone are not enough. They can slow the infection, but they can't drain the abscess or remove its source. Only dental treatment can do that.

Children, older adults and people with weakened immune systems are at even greater risk, so prompt care is especially important for them.

What happens at your emergency visit

Dr. Hiral Desai will start with an exam and X-rays to find the infection and see how far it has spread. You'll get a clear explanation of your options before treatment begins. Depending on the abscess, treatment may include:

1. Diagnosis: an exam and dental X-rays to find the abscess.
2. Draining the abscess: a small incision may be made to drain the pus and relieve pressure.
3. Root canal treatment: if the infection is inside the tooth, a root canal removes the infected tissue and seals the tooth. Read 7 Signs You Might Need a Root Canal.
4. Tooth extraction: if the tooth can't be saved, removing it stops the infection.
5. Antibiotics: prescribed alongside treatment when needed.
6. Follow-up: a follow-up visit makes sure the infection has cleared.

If a tooth is lost because of an abscess, dental implants are one of the most effective long-term replacements. Dr. Desai can walk you through your options once the infection has cleared.

How to prevent a dental abscess

Most abscesses can be prevented. Cavities and gum disease are the main triggers, and both respond well to early treatment:

• Brush at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste.
• Floss every day.
• Get regular cleanings, usually every six months.
• Treat cavities promptly before they get deeper.
• Limit sugary foods and drinks.
• Don't ignore tooth sensitivity or mild gum pain.

Regular cleanings remove plaque and tartar that brushing can't, and give your dentist a chance to spot early signs of infection.

When to get same-day care

Not every toothache is an emergency, but some symptoms need immediate attention. Call our office right away if you have a fever with tooth pain or swelling in your face or jaw. Go to the emergency room right away if you have trouble breathing or swallowing, can't open your mouth, or swelling is spreading to your neck or below your eye.

Even if your symptoms feel mild, an abscess that has been there for more than a day or two needs treatment. If the pain suddenly eases, the abscess may have burst. That does not mean the infection is gone. Read Toothache at Night for how to stay comfortable until your visit.

Don't wait on an abscess

A dental abscess can become dangerous quickly. If you think you have one, call us today and we'll get you seen as soon as possible.

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